Food manufacturers by law are obliged to include nutrition...

Food manufacturers by law are obliged to include nutrition information on their products in order to inform the customers of what the product contains. Nutrition information should be listed for each 100 g of solid foods or for each 100 ml of liquids. Energy, protein, carbohydrates, total fat, cholesterol, vitamins and minerals are the main components shown on food labels. Along with the nutritional information, ingredients and allergy warnings are also given on food labels 1 South African law regarding food labelling has been changed. Instead of measuring energy in kilojoules (kj), some labels will use the measurement of calories (kCal). 1kCal = 4.12 kJ, this is simply a new way of measuring but they both mean the same thing. RDA is the†¦show more content†¦The producers of coke discovered that their product was leading to constant weight gain due to its very high sugar content and they decided to create a diet alternative to their product. Diet Coke is sweetened with non-natural sweeteners such as aspartame. Aspartame has less calories than regular sugar but it is not as tasty. Aspartame is a very unsafe substance and according to many studies it has been found to cause cancer. Although the intentions of the Coca Cola Company were good, The Center for Science in the Public Interest’s (CSPI) Executive Director Michael F. Jacobson stated: â€Å"Aspartame has been found to cause cancer — leukemia, lymphoma, and other tumors—i n laboratory animals, and it shouldn’t be in the food supply. We certainly want Coca-Cola to shift its product mix toward lower- and no-calorie drinks, but aspartame’s reputation isn’t worth rehabilitating with this propaganda campaign. 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The Claims Put Forth By Henry Giroux - 1603 Words

In this paper I will take the claims put forth by Henry Giroux in his recent interview regarding the increasingly negative effects of neoliberalism, and as he calls it casino capitalism, across the world, particularly in the realm of education, and juxtapose them with various Marxist theories, displaying how the latter can be accurately applied in a thorough analysis of the former. More specifically, I will demonstrate how Marx’s theories dealing with Domination, Alienation, and Historical Materialism aptly tie to Giroux’s assertions. Giroux claims that the contemporary education system discourages the notion of true learning and critical thinking, and is instead a mere avenue that trains one for the inevitable workplace. I believe that†¦show more content†¦Capitalists realize the threat critical thinkers pose to their position, while at the same time recognize the ability of job-training based people to fuel their notion of an ideal society, and to ensure continued power, they use their vast control over educational institutions and the market to create conditions where job-training based education is favored over critical thinking enhancing education. The creation of such conditions has led to the emergence of dissimulation and a false consciousness , where people are deceived into taking as natural something that has in fact merely been created by other people: they truly believe they know what is best for them but this belief arises from an incomplete knowledge of the conditions shaping the world tha t surrounds them. I feel that it is this very illusory nature of capitalism that ensures its survival. Capitalism requires that a majority of the people will fail per se, so that there can be any success at all: a very real consequence from which the educational system fails to escape. A valid refutation of this argument can be that, although the logic of it is sound, it is still fundamentally based upon the assumption that people inclined towards the social sciences are inherently more inclined to pose a threat to the capitalist society. One may argue that anyone, regardless of their skill set, may or may not pose a disruption in

A Literature Review on Accounting Software Packages Taitung Food

Question: Discuss about the Literature Review on Accounting Software Packages. Answer: Introduction The company which I will review in this part is Taitung Food Services based in Australia. It distributes food products which include seafood, poultry, small goods, Asian fine foods and ingredients, fats and oils, frozen goods and carton meat among others. It employs accounting software packages in its operations. Its Current Organizational Structure Organizational structure refers to the official patterns of interplay and coordination engineered by the management to connect the individuals` and groups` tasks in attaining organizational goals (Aquinas, 2008). He adds that, however, organizations too have informal structures that are not engineered by management but egress normally due to common friendship or interests and that organizational structure is meant to avert chaos by establishing an orderly set of reporting interactions and communication channels. This coincides with (Yasmine Huub, 2014) argument that organizational structure should make sure the decision-making process is founded on expertise and should avert scenarios of conflicts of interest. The organizational structure of the company follows that one of a typical food industry firm. At the bottom, we have the position personnel that includes line cooks, prep, dishwashers, pantry, servers, and hosts. Operational Problems Associated with this Structure Operational challenges are inevitable in any given organizational structure. Some of the major problems related to the above structure include workforce wastage, Personnel shortage, bureaucracy and occasional frictions between senior and junior employees among others. A blend of the organization size and the concordant complexity of its operations can make it exceedingly hard for one person to hold everything together (Eric Yvonne, 2012). This corresponds with (Vasconcellos, 2004) argument that the job environment is the most discerning factor for workers and is often called the `common cause` of workforce wastage and production challenges within food plants. Taitung Food Service could face the problem of personnel shortage since it has assistant managers without supervisors to help in the activities that need supervision day in day out. However, the operational units in an organization can make good decisions as independent objectives seeking systems and the synchronization by the organizational level is not required (Yasuhiko Mihajlo, 2012). This implies that there still could be smooth operations in the company even when each department is functioning independently. Most Likely System Acquisition Method Based on the medium size nature of the company, the highly possible acquisition criteria would be commercial software. Accounting for ones business is an indispensable activity to enable ones long term success (Steven Tim, 2009). This means that financial accounting is necessary for any given organization including small, medium and even multinational firms. It will be more economical for the Taitung Food Service to purchase commercial software besides it other merits. Commercial software cost is spread across many users; the unit cost is normally lowered to a fraction of the in-house developed system cost and has slim chances of experiencing errors compared to an equivalent in-house system (James, 2008). As such, the company can comfortably afford it. However, the firm has the choice of obtaining custom software, but some of its shortcomings are a major discouragement especially to such a medium sized company. Custom systems frequently take a long duration to develop and that it may take months or even years to fully develop a custom system via in-house procedures (James, 2008). On the contrary, small commercial software systems may be executed almost forthwith upon recognizing a need and consequently, the user does not have to wait (James, 2008). This vividly implies that it would be prudent for the company to adopt commercial software since it permits it to put it in operation right away without much time wastage as it would be in the case of custom-made software. It is, however, hard for anyone to ignore the unique merit of custom accounting software, that is, its many components and applications. Custom accounting software has paramount applications like wages, cost accounts, inventories, suppliers, purchases and sales (Shahza d Mathew, 2010). System flowchart of the Company Sales Procedures A systems flowchart refers to the wide flow of work via the organization, and it normally emphasizes the data flow (Donald, 2002). This simply means that it is a description of the sequential and harmonious flow of activities within a particular organizational department or even the entire institution. However, (Donald, 2002) points out that, many times they are used to document both general accounting systems and specific computer programs. As such, the wider application of systems flowcharts is usually in computer related programs and accounting issues. (Donald, 2002) Goes on to add that the chief merit of the systems flowchart is that a graphical presentation of a system or rather a series of sequential processes is much easier to comprehend compared to a verbal description. This is evidently true especially considering that it is far much easier to follow the activities within systems flowchart for a majority of people even to laypeople. The systems flowchart displaying the sales procedures of Taitung Food Services would appear as illustrated below. Customer Sales Discount Margin Bill Account The arrows show the flow of activities which follow a cycle format while the empty boxes allow for the upward and downward arrows. The crucial activities within the flowchart play a key role in ensuring the smooth operation within the sales department of the company. As vividly seen, the customer is the major priority, and then the rest of the aspects touching on the customer follow. The cycle then continues. Control Problems in the System The commercial software system experiences some setbacks. At times there occur input-output control problems in the software. Input depicts the keying in of the data into the system, for instance, entering accounting data into the software system. There is an activity that occurs in the midst of input and output, that is, there exist a process that pertains changing of the keyed-in data mostly in the form of digits into final systematic information. The output means the documents or results produced by the system and most of the times it is in the form of a printout. This implies that the work fed into the system fails to produce an output which matches the input amount. As such, this brings about the issue of either overloading or under loading in the system. In case there is overloading, the system becomes crowded, and this translates into increased inefficiencies and poor quality work. On the other hand, when under loading occurs, it translates into resource wastage. Using a vendo r-supported system usually makes the company reliant on the vendor for maintenance (James, 2008). This is true since the Taitung Food Services has procured the services of the host firm as users only. He goes on to add that the user faces the risk that the vendor will stop to support the system or even exit the business. Furthermore, according to him, the unique and complex needs of a firm may not be met by commonly available software which is too inflexible or too general. The possible fraud problem types include fraudulent activities and embezzlement of funds executed by manipulating the system. The advancement and acceptation of the accounting software Packages The advancements made in this industry date back in the past several decades. The need to automate accounting activities began in the early 1960s (Ashutosh, 2006). According to him, a majority of the accounting software firms began in the early like Intuit started in the early 1980s. Several specialist software houses have designed whole solicitors` accounts software packages over the past decade and have a considerable maturity (Ralph, 2013). The increased advancement in the accounting software is greatly attributed to the increasing complexity of the business world. Enterprise resource planning (ERP) works as a chief management package in a majority of organizations globally for the last two decades (Masaaki, 2016). The high levels of adoption of these packages are due to their ability to simplify the otherwise tedious and complex accounting process for small, medium and large corporations. Business accounting software has had a remarkable impact on the financial setting (Abrar, 20 14). He adds that, moreover, because of technology, the accounting task which previously would have been executed by a group of people can be achieved by a single induvial. Today, the accounting software packages have been immensely adopted globally. The Current Market Size The present market size is estimated to be around 2.84 billion dollars, and it constitutes key market players like Sage, Xero, Oracle, and Microsoft among others. The present day market size for accounting software packages is significant due to their perceived efficacy and effectiveness besides their ability to simplify accounting work. The sage market share has been declining in the recent past. However, the firm is aiming at embracing a customer-centred model which involves the adoption of cloud-based products for its customers. Xero`s market dominance remains significantly high despite competition from other firms, particularly in Australia. The company plans to introduce cloud-based software for the small businesses. As such, the developers and manufacturers of the accounting software packages enjoy a huge market across the globe. Leaders in the market and their competitive advantage In the recent years, the industry of accounting software development has experienced stiff competition attributed to the bulging demand for the software by a large number of businesses worldwide. MCBA Inc. is a leading accounting software manufacturer for Digital Equipment (Martin, 2014). According to him, it has an eighteen module accounting and manufacturing software line and that it has enhanced its present Unit line. Xero and Oracle enjoy a huge customer base across the globe, and this is attributed to their wide range of software products. The two companies have majored on the development of cloud-based accounting software. As such, they have won a large number of customers, especially the small and medium size businesses. This implies that their accounting software is mainly based on online usage, that is, it needs internet use. Current challenges for users of accounting software packages and the relevant recommendations Some of the present day problems include perceived security challenges, technology failure risks, inadequate user skills, internet performance reliability issues among several others. A great number of such users normally complain of security issues particularly for those using the cloud accounting software packages, which is chiefly dependent on the internet. The majority of these problems are often rare and can be mitigated or even everted by following some of the mentioned steps below. Ensuring that there are internet backup mechanisms which may be an alternative Wi-Fi access point or Ethernet cable network, installing of firewall in the organization`s computer systems to protect the organization`s accounts details from being infected by malware or even from possible hacking(who in most times use the financial information to blackmail an organization) , have some manual accounting backup, ensure that the users of the accounting software are well trained and skilled with up to date accounting software standards to enable them adequately cope with the current demands among other credible measures. Here I am going to highlight some of the limitations of Oracle and Sap and their products in the market. Oracle faces the limitation of poor implementation of sales which has contributed to the reduced profits exhibited by the firm in the recent past. This means that the company has been employing sales techniques that have not been suitable for it in the stiffly competed market. On the other hand, Sap`s main lacking is the performance problems of some of its products especially the ERP software. There have been some instances of reports about system failures of the ERP product form some customers. References Abrar, H. (ed.), 2014. `Business Technologies in Contemporary Organizations`: Adoption, Assimilation, and Institutionalization. : IGI Global. Aquinas, P., 2008. Organization Structure Design:Applications Challenges. New Delhi, Inda: EXCEL BOOKS. Ashutosh, D., 2006. Digital Accounting: Th e Effects of the Internet ERP on Accounting.: IGI Global. Donald, A., 2002. Auditing EDP Systems. 2 ed.: Pearson South Africa. Eric, G. Yvonne, R., 2012. Growing Pains: Transitioning from an Entrepreneurship to a Professionally Managed Firm. 4 ed.: Wiley. James, A., 2008. Accounting Information Systems. 6 ed.: Rob Dewey. Martin, R., 2014. Top Stocks 2015: A Stokebuyer`s Guide to Leading Australian Companies. 21st ed.: Wiley. Masaaki, K. (ed.), 2016. Human- Computer Interaction: Theory, Design, Development Practice. : Springer. Ralph, D., 2013. Accounts for Solicitors. 2 ed.: Routledge. Shahzad, U. Mathew, T. (ed.), 2010. Research in Accounting in Emerging Economies. Vol 10 ed. Wagon Lane, UK: Emerald Group Publishing Ltd. Steven, P. Tim, R., 2009. Custom Wooden Sign Company. : Lulu.com. Vasconcellos, J., 2004. Quality Assurance for the Food Industry: A Practical Approach. Florida: CRC Press. Yasmine, M. Huub, L. (ed.), 2014. Food Safety Management: A Practical Guide for the Food Industry.: Elsevier. Yasuhiko, T. Mihajlo, M., 2012. Organizational Structure: Cybernetics Systems Foundation. Vol 22 ed. N.Y: Springer.

Casual Fashions of the Twenties Essay Example For Students

Casual Fashions of the Twenties Essay The twenties was a time of fun and craziness among the young generation. The fashion fads of the time created a path for the fashions of today. Before the twenties women wore ankle-length skirts, corsets , and other restricting garments, men wore ovewrcoats that fastened in the front, double breasted coats, and long pants. Then the twenties came and that all changed. Hemlines went up, makeup was worn in abundance, hair was chopped off, and for the first time a flat bosom was what every stylish woman wanted. Mens basic attire became the business suit. These styles gave way to the fashions of today. Today women wear miniskirts, panty hose, short and long hair, makeup, and dyed hair. Men still wear business suits, but only for work or special occasions. The styles of the twenties created a new frontier in men and womens fashion. Searching for information on twenties fashion was a fun experience for me. I did not find it very hard to do, because I had a lot of information about the histo ry of costume already at home. My best find was an actual magazine from the twenties. My family and I were out at antique stores when I found it. I was looking through through old magazines trying to find a Life magazine with the Gone With the Wind cover, when I saw the Vogue with a girl dressed in flapper costume. I was very excited about this find because I was worried that I would not find a magazine source. The toughest part of my research was finding someone to interview. I remembered that my great aunt was really old, but I did not know what year she was born. When I found out what year she was born I was very happy that I found someone old enough to remember the twenties. Then I had to talk my parents into letting me call long distance to Missouri, which was easy as long as I did not talk longer than thirty minutes. I think the best part of researching was getting to know my great aunt a lot better. Womens fashion changed dramatically in the twenties, mostly due to social cha nge. More practical attire evolved from the more liberated lifesyle women began to live. Petticoats and corsets disappeared, making way for elastic girdles. A boyish silhouette was the figure that sylish women strove for (Tierney 12). Some young women would tie rags around their breasts to try and flatten them (Todd int. 4:20PM). I could not understand why a woman would try to stunt her growth for the sake of fashion. It seems like the way Chinese mothers used to wrap rags around their daughters feet to prevent them growing because small feet were a Bibliography: